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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋam | om ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋat | ot ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋeʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋəna | ona/ogəna ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋəda | oda/ogəda ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋət | ogət ʃijβundaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋəm | ʃəm ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋe | əʃ ʃijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋna | əʃna ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋda | əʃda ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋət͡ɕ | əʃt ʃijβundaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋənam | ʃijβundaŋən oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋənat | ʃijβundaŋən otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋən | ʃijβundaŋən ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋənːa | ʃijβundaŋən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋənda | ʃijβundaŋən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋənət | ʃijβundaŋən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋam əʎe | om ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋat əʎe | ot ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋəna əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋəda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋət əʎe | ogət ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋam ulmaʃ | om ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋat ulmaʃ | ot ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋət ulmaʃ | ogət ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋənam əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋənat əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋən əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋənːa əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋənda əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋənət əʎe | ʃijβundaŋən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋənam ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋənat ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋən ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋənːa ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋənda ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋənət ulmaʃ | ʃijβundaŋən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋ | it ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋʒe | ənʒe ʃijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | (ʃijβundaŋəna) | (ona/ogəna ʃijβundaŋ) |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋza | ida ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋəʃt | ənəʃt ʃijβundaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋnem | ənem ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋnet | ənet ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋneʒe | əneʒ ʃijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋnena | ənena ʃijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋneda | əneda ʃijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋneʃt | əneʃt ʃijβundaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃijβundaŋnem əʎe | ənem ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋnena əʎe | ənet ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃijβundaŋnena əʎe | ənena ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋneda əʎe | əneda ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃijβundaŋ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃijβundaŋnet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃijβundaŋneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃijβundaŋneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃijβundaŋneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃijβundaŋ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃijβundaŋaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃijβundaŋman |
| Active participle: | ʃijβundaŋʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃijβundaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃijβundaŋʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃijβundaŋdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃijβundaŋən |
| Negative gerund: | ʃijβundaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃijβundaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃijβundaŋmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃijβundaŋʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃijβundaŋmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃijβundaŋdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||